Classification of metal forging process

Metal forging processes can be classified by the degree to which the flow of material is constrained during the process. There are three major classifications in metal forging manufacture. First, open die forging, in which the work is compressed between two die that do not constrain the metal during the process. Secondly, Impression Die Forging, in which cavities within the die restrict metal flow during the compression of the part, causing the material to deform into a desired geometric shape. Some material in impression die forging is not constrained by the cavities and flows outward from the die, this metal is called flash. In industrial metal forging, a subsequent trimming operation will be performed to remove the flash. The third type of metal forging is Precision/Flashless Forging. In flashless forging manufacture the entire work piece is contained within the die in such a way that no metal can flow out of the die cavity during the compression of the part, hence no flash is produced.

Following is the classification of Metal Forging

1. Open die forging
• Cogging
  Fullering
  Edging
2. Impression Die Forging
3. Precision/Flashless Forging

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